![]() ![]() Unless otherwise specified, warming is expressed relative to the period 1850–1900, used as an approximation of pre-industrial temperatures in AR5. Global warming is defined in this report as an increase in combined surface air and sea surface temperatures averaged over the globe and over a 30-year period. ![]() Human-induced warming reached approximately 1☌ ( likely between 0.8☌ and 1.2☌) above pre-industrial levels in 2017, increasing at 0.2☌ ( likely between 0.1☌ and 0.3☌) per decade ( high confidence). This chapter frames the context, knowledge-base and assessment approaches used to understand the impacts of 1.5☌ global warming above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, building on the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5), in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development and efforts to eradicate poverty. ![]()
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